我的第一個pygtk(Python + GTK)

現在好像蠻流行Python,Python就是一種直譯式語言(script),不用編譯,就能在terminal跑,很特別Python也是物件導向語言,找好用的IDE也能提高效率,Anjuta支援Python+Gtk,使用Glade,很快的建好了Gtk UI,我是用UBUNTU1410下的Anjuta,預設gtk 3,跟gtk 2不太一樣,所有gtk 2的g改成大寫G

import Gtk 使用gtk 3模組

import gtk 使用gtk 2模組

Anjuta Ide建立Project,先用Glade建立gtk ui(滑鼠拖拖拉拉就建好了,前面文章有寫怎樣使用glade),src目錄下ui檔就是XML(如圖)

在src目錄下py檔,就是Python,程式,當初使用glade建3個button,我把信號處理,都設成SHOW(self, widget, *event) method,如何取得,當按下按鈕,SHOW(self, widget, *event) method如何得知,是那個按鈕被按下,self.window.get_focus(),意指本身,指向window,在指向激活對象,按鈕1被按下觸動SHOW method,self.window.get_focus()當然就是按鈕1,按鈕2被按下觸動SHOW method,self.window.get_focus()當然就是按鈕2,按鈕3被按下觸動SHOW method,self.window.get_focus()當然就是按鈕3,至於我為何知道用get_focus(),是看pygtk使用手冊,google找一下就有了,網路上也有很多Python教學

def SHOW(self, widget, *event):
        #self指向button,widget指信號對象此為label1
        #self.label.set_text(self.button2.get_label())
        #get_focus可取得激活對象
        bt_active_label=self.window.get_focus().get_label()
        #widget是指信號處理對象,用GALADE創建UI時,是為label1
        widget.set_text(bt_active_label)
        #print(user_data)
       
        #除錯技巧,印出
        print(str(self.window.get_focus().get_label()))
        #self.button1.set_label("JJJJJJ")
        #重設label位置
        #self.fixed.put(self.label, 80, 40)


整個程式碼(除了取得元件,和SHOW method是在加上,其餘都是IDE自動產生)

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- Mode: Python; coding: utf-8; indent-tabs-mode: t; c-basic-offset: 4; tab-width: 4 -*-
#
# main.py
# Copyright (C) 2015 yplin
#
# pygtk-foobar_u1410 is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
# Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# pygtk-foobar_u1410 is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
# See the GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
# with this program.  If not, see .

from gi.repository import Gtk, GdkPixbuf, Gdk
import os, sys


#Comment the first line and uncomment the second before installing
#or making the tarball (alternatively, use project variables)
UI_FILE = "src/pygtk_foobar_u1410.ui"
#UI_FILE = "/usr/local/share/pygtk_foobar_u1410/ui/pygtk_foobar_u1410.ui"


class GUI:
    def __init__(self):
        #新建了一個xml-gtk
        self.builder = Gtk.Builder()
        #把UI_FILE加到gtk,glade產生的xml
        self.builder.add_from_file(UI_FILE)
        #建立xml信號連結
        self.builder.connect_signals(self)
        #取得xml UI上所有元件
        self.label=self.builder.get_object('label1')
        self.button2=self.builder.get_object('button2')
        self.button1=self.builder.get_object('button1')
        self.button3=self.builder.get_object('button3')
        self.window=self.builder.get_object('window')
        self.fixed=self.builder.get_object('fixed1')

    def on_window_destroy(self, widget, *event):
        Gtk.main_quit()

    def SHOW(self, widget, *event):
        #self指向本身,widget指信號對象此為label1
        #self.label.set_text(self.button2.get_label())
        #get_focus可取得激活對象
        bt_active_label=self.window.get_focus().get_label()
        #widget是指信號處理對象,用GALADE創建UI時,是為label1
        widget.set_text(bt_active_label)
        #print(user_data)
       
        #除錯技巧,印出
        print(str(self.window.get_focus().get_label()))
        #self.button1.set_label("JJJJJJ")
        #重設label位置
        #self.fixed.put(self.label, 80, 40)
       
def main():
    app = GUI()
    app.window.show()
    Gtk.main()
   
   
if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())

執行就像下面圖